| 摘要 |
<p>Disclosed are methods comprising: (a) first contacting at least a portion of a wastewater stream comprising one or more hydrophilic solutes and one or more crude-oil- associated hydrophobic solutes with an extractant comprising a bi-directional solvent at a first temperature (T1) within 40 ºC of the solvent-water critical temperature to form a water- depleted first aqueous solution and a water-enriched first organic phase; (b) adjusting the temperature of said first organic phase to a second temperature (T2), to form a second organic phase and a second aqueous solution; wherein the absolute value of (T2 â€'' T1) is at least 20; (c) separating at least a portion of said one or more crude-oil-associated hydrophobic solutes from said second organic phase; and (d) recycling bi-directional solvent from said second organic phase to said first contacting. Disclosed are also systems.</p> |
