| 摘要 |
In a process for the hydroformylation of olefins a reaction mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, in a mol. ratio of from 0.5 : 1 to 8 : 1, and a composition consisting essentially of olefins having dissolved therein a catalytic metal salt is passed through an elongated reaction zone, having an inner diameter of from 25 to 125 mms. and an elongation factor of at least 1440, in indirect heat exchange relationship with a heat transfer medium under flow conditions such that the residence period is at least 10 minutes, the linear velocity is at least 0.3 m. per sec., the Reynolds number is at least 11,000 and the selected hydroformylation temperatures are contained within a range of 11 DEG C. throughout the reaction zone. The preferred pressures for carrying out the hydroformylation are in the range 105 to 315 kilograms/sq. cm. and the preferred temperatures are in the range 127 DEG to 238 DEG C. It is preferred to use as starting materials olefines having from 4 to 16 carbon atoms. The preferred catalysts are iron and cobalt salts. In the examples: (a) a mixture of heptenes is hydroformylated according to the invention using cobalt 2-ethyl hexanoate as catalyst to give C9 aldehydes; and (b) a mixture of diisobutylenes is hydroformylated using cobalt naphthenate as catalyst to give C9 aldehydes. |
