| 摘要 |
<p>Fibres, articles made therefrom or films are treated with a volatile liquid which contains a compound of the formula RCONH(CH2)3N (R1)(R11)(R111)Y, in which R is an aliphatic or alicyclic radical, R1 is a radical of the formula -(CpH2pO)mH, where p is a positive integer from 2 to 4 and m is a positive integer and is at least 6, R11 is an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical and R111 is hydrogen or an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical and Y is an anion, and the treated article is dried, the amount of liquid applied being such that from 0.2 to 15 per cent by weight of the compound is deposited upon the article. The articles treated may be composed of or contain ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, viscose rayon, nylon, vinyl chloride polymers or copolymers or acrylonitrile polymers and copolymers. The compound may be applied in solution or dispersion in water, ethanol, iso-propanol or water-alcohol mixtures and may be applied as a textile softener and lubricant during spinning, twisting or other preparatory operations, before or after stapling, during blending of fibres, to tows, yarns, or to woven, knitted or felted fabrics, prior to or after use. Synthetic fibres may be treated in gel state or during orientation stretching operations. The solution may also contain mono-, di- or tri-ethanolamine, lanolin, morpholine, disodium phosphate, dialkyl phosphates, ethyl to amyl esters of fatty acids containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, conventional welting and/or dispersing agents, silicone oils, or mineral, vegetable or animal oils. The solution may have a pH from 6.0 to 7.0 and temperature from 20 DEG C. to boiling, or, under pressure, above the normal boiling point. In examples of the compound, R is specified from heptyl to octadecyl, octenyl to octadecenyl and as the residue of abietic acid, R1 from hexaethenoxy to octatriacontaethenoxy and R11 and R111, when R111 is not hydrogen, from methyl to amyl and isomers and hydroxyethyl to hydroxyamyl and various di-hydroxy radicals. The anion may be a halide, sulphate, sulphonate, phosphate, phosphite, hydroxide, borate, carbonate, bicarbonate, thiocyanate, isocyanate, sulphite, bisulphite, nitrate, nitrite, oxalate, silicate, sulphide, cyanate, acetate or ethylsulphate.ALSO:Quaternary compounds of the formula RCONH(CH2)3N(R1)(R11)(R111)Y in which R is an aliphatic or alicyclic radical, R1 is a radical of the formula -(CpH2pO)mH where p is a positive integer from 2 to 4 and m is a positive integer and is at least 6, R11 is an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical and R111 is hydrogen or an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical and Y is an anion are obtained by reacting a compound of the formula RCONH(CH2)3N(R11)(R111) with an alkylene oxide and less than the stoichiometric amount of acid HY to give a mixture of the quaternary salt and quaternary hydroxide, the latter being neutralized by adding further acid. In an alternative procedure, the quaternary compound <FORM:0801721/IV (b)/1> is reacted with ethylene oxide in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. A free quaternary ammonium base may be obtained by reacting the quaternary ammonium salt in water-free alcoholic solution with the sodium salt of the alcohol used and then adding water. In examples of compounds of the above general formula, R is specified from heptyl to octadecyl, octenyl to octadecenyl and as the residue of abietic acid, R1 from hexaethenoxy to octatriacontaethenoxy and R11 and R111, when R111 is not hydrogen, from methyl to amyl and isomers and hydroxyethyl to hydroxyamyl and various di-hydroxy radicals. The anion may be a halide (including fluoride), sulphate, sulphonate, phosphate, phosphite, hydroxide, borate, carbonate, bicarbonate, thiocyanate, isocyanate, sulphite, bisulphite, nitrate, nitrite, oxalate, silicate, sulphide, cyanate, acetate, chloracetate, phthalate, succinate or ethylsulphate. An exemplified quaternary compound is g -stearamidopropyl dimethyl nonaethenoxy ammonium chloride.ALSO:Fibres, articles made therefrom, or films are treated with a volatile liquid which contains a compound of the formula RCONH(CH2)3N(R1) (R11)(R111)Y in which R is an aliphatic or alicyclic radical, R1 is a radical of the formula -(CpH2pO)mH, where p is a positive integer from 2 to 4 and m is a positive integer and is at least 6, R11 is an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical and R111 is hydrogen or an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical and Y is an anion, and the treated article is dried, the amount of liquid applied being such that from 0.2 to 15 per cent by weight of the compound is deposited upon the article. The articles treated may be composed of or contain wool, silk, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, viscose rayon, nylon, vinyl chloride polymers or copolymers or acrylonitrile polymers and copolymers. The compound may be applied in solution or dispersion in water, ethanol, isopropanol or water-alcohol mixtures and may be applied as a textile softener and lubricant during spinning, twisting, or other preparatory operations, before or after stapling, during blending of fibres, to tows, yarns, or to woven, knitted or felted fabrics, prior to or after use. Synthetic fibres may be treated in gel state or during orientation stretching operations. The solution may also contain mono-, di- or tri-ethanolamine, lanolin, morpholine, disodium phosphate, dialkyl phosphates, ethyl to amyl esters of fatty acids containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, conventional wetting and/or dispersing agents, silicone oils, or mineral, vegetable or animal oils. The solution may have a pH from 6.0 to 7.0 and temperature from 20 DEG C. to boiling, or under pressure, above the normal boiling point. In examples of the compound, R is specified from heptyl to octadecyl, octenyl to octadecenyl and as the residue of abietic acid, R1 from hexaethenoxy to octatriacontaethenoxy and R11 and R111, when R111 is not hydrogen, from methyl to amyl and isomers and hydroxyethyl to hydroxyamyl and various dihydroxy radicals. The anion may be a halide, sulphate, sulphonate, phosphate, phosphite, hydroxide, borate, carbonate, bicarbonate, thiocyanate, isocyanate, sulphite, bisulphite, nitrate, nitrite, oxalate, silicate, sulphide, cyanate, acetate or ethylsulphate.</p> |
