| 摘要 |
<p>Described is an improved system and device for maintaining the original levels in new constructions or for re-leveling constructions that would have lost their level, which consists in transforming the piers or piles into hydraulic-mechanical piers or piles; cutting one by one the piers or piles beneath the structural foundation elements, jamming the piers or piles, and locating a sand chamber with extraction windows over the piles, and arranging plates for regulating the pressure and plates for regulating the height over the chamber, also including a hydraulic-mechanical piston, all these elements being inserted into the sand chamber, where the hydraulic-mechanic piston has a plunger threaded with a nut. System in which, once the elements are located one by one in the piers or piles, a pressure is exerted on the hydraulic-mechanical pistons, so that each one of the piers or piles absorb the corresponding load, the hydraulic force being transformed into mechanical force, pressing the nuts of the plungers of the hydraulic pistons, against the body thereof. The construction is lowered by loosening the nuts of the plungers of the pistons, keeping a separation from the hydraulic piston body, the plungers being lowered until being supported in the nuts over the body of the hydraulic pistons. In case of requiring lowering the construction further, a pressure regulating plate will be removed and the operation repeated unit levelling the same again. The hydraulic piston and the height regulating plates are removed once the construction of the piers or piles has been levelled one by one, the maintenance elements being installed by arranging, over the pressure regulating plate that is located over the sand of the capsule, a hydraulic piston of low height with a threaded piston and nut, a pressure regulating plate and a plastic flow cell, in order to provide pressure to the hydraulic piston so that it can absorb the load, the plunger nut being adjusted against the body of th e hydraulic cylinder, the arrangement being reinforced by fixing the sand capsules with metallic structures to the nearest sand capsules, the lower portion of the piers or piles being fixed to the lower portion of the nearest piers or piles, and in diagonal the lower portion of the capsules of sand being fixed to the lower portion of the nearest piers or piles. The first variant of the system of the present invention consists in replacing a section of the pier or pile just beneath the foundation structural element by a sand capsule confined in a metallic shell with horizontal separations by means of plates that form cells, with windows in each cell, which content of sand can be extracted by the window so as to lower the construction in a gradual manner. The mechanical hydraulic piston is the element intended to operate the lowering of the construction and it is supported over the cut pier or pile. The plastic flow cell formed by cubic test tubes made of mahogany wood of 5 centimeters of length is useful for extending the life of the solution upon plastically flowing as the ground is lowered, this obliges to provide maintenance. The metallic shields absorb the eventual force of the seism and replace the ground that embedded the piers or piles before applying the system. The foundation cell dug in the subsoil is intended to allow the maintenance staff to constantly access the equipment of this system and momentarily absorb the horizontal force of the seism.</p> |
