Three-dimensional periodic dielectric structures having photonic Dirac points

摘要

The dielectric, three-dimensional photonic materials disclosed herein feature Dirac-like dispersion in quasi-two-dimensional systems. Embodiments include a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure formed by alternating layers of dielectric rods and dielectric slabs patterned with holes on respective triangular lattices. This fcc structure also includes a defect layer, which may comprise either dielectric rods or a dielectric slab with patterned with holes. This defect layer introduces Dirac cone dispersion into the fcc structure's photonic band structure. Examples of these fcc structures enable enhancement of the spontaneous emission coupling efficiency (the β-factor) over large areas, contrary to the conventional wisdom that the β-factor degrades as the system's size increases. These results enable large-area, low-threshold lasers; single-photon sources; quantum information processing devices; and energy harvesting systems.

主权项

1. An apparatus comprising:
a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure having a photonic band structure exhibiting at least one Dirac cone, the fcc structure comprising:
at least one first layer of first dielectric material having a plurality of rods with respective longitudinal axes oriented along a [111] direction of the fcc structure arrayed on a first triangular lattice having a lattice constant α;at least one second layer of second dielectric material having a plurality of holes with respective longitudinal axes oriented along the [111] direction of the fcc structure arrayed on a second triangular lattice having the lattice constant α; anda defect layer in the fcc structure to confine an electromagnetic wave along a plane perpendicular to the [111] direction of the fcc structure.