Method for fracturing or fraccing a well

摘要

In order to overcome problems that earlier methods have experienced, stable, gas-filled nanobubbles (NB) on the surface of proppant particles (PR) are formed by mixing water (H 2 O) with a surfactant (SF), adding to the proppant (PR) and pressurizing for a set time period. The nanobubble-surrounded proppant particles (NBSPR) can be combined with carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to form foam or an emulsion (FE) which can be added to a gas and/or oil producing well (WE).