| 摘要 |
Evaporation-suppression agents are made by reacting a normal aliphatic alcohol having 16 to 22 carbon atoms in the molecule with up to 5 mols of ethylene oxide, preferably in the presence of anhydrous sodium hydroxide or sodium methylate. Examples describe the prepararation of mono-, di-, tri-, tetra- and pentaoxyethylene docosanol, monoxyethylene stearyl alcohol and monooxyethylene cetanol. Rapeseed oil is refluxed with methanol in the presence of sodium hydroxide, the mixture of fatty acid methyl esters is hydrogenated in the presence of copper-chromium catalyst and the mixture of higher aliphatic alcohols obtained is reacted with ethylene oxide in the presence of sodium hydroxide. In the same manner mixtures of alcohols may be obtained from whale oil and soyabean oil by ester interchange and hydrogenation and the products reacted with ethylene oxide. The evaporation-suppression agents may also contain urea, a water-soluble salt of carboxymethyl cellulose or a water-soluble salt of alginic acid as a spread-promoting agent. |
