| 摘要 |
A membrane stack that includes a first polymer layer, a second polymer layer, and a nanostructured carbon material layer between the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer. The nanostructured carbon material layer includes a plurality of nanostructured carbon material intercalated with one or more proton conducting material or coated with one or more solid superacid particles. The first polymer layer and the second polymer layer are capable of transporting protons. The membranes described herein can be used as polymer electrolyte membranes in fuel cells and electrolyzers. |
