INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

摘要

An internal combustion engine in which the power output is controlled by modulating at least one of the compression ratio, expansion ratio, ratio of expansion rate to compression rate, air to fuel ratio, and steam to air ratio. Continuous isobaric catalytic combustion followed by isothermal expansion and the use of separate compressor and expander devices are used. Control dynamically maximizes fuel efficiency for the given power demand conditions. Power output is controlled by modulating flame temperature and/or pressure instead of by throttling. Lean combustion, high compression ratio, exhaust heat recuperation, and high power density and fuel economy are provided. External cooling is minimized or eliminated. Insulation of the engine effectively reduces energy losses to friction. Interchangeable use of gasoline, hydrogen and ammonia at high fuel efficiency is made possible for transitional periods of fuel availabilities. An injector suitable for isothermal expansion is provided.

主权项

1. An internal combustion engine having a peak temperature comprising:
a. a compressor for compressing inlet air, b. a heat exchanger for heating the compressed air exiting the compressor against expanded air exiting a positive displacement expander, c. a combustion chamber for heating the compressed air, d. a first injector which injects fuel into the combustion chamber to combust air and fuel, e. a positive displacement expander for expanding the compressed and heated air, said expander being separate from the compressor, and f. a controller which modulates the peak temperature to be less than a prescribed temperature by dynamically adjusting at least one of a compression ratio, an expansion ratio, an E/C ratio, and an A/F ratio.