| 主权项 |
1. A ceramide dimer comprising two ceramide molecules, wherein the ceramides have a sphingosine basic body, hydroxysphingosine basic body or a phytosphingosine basic body according to one of the general formulae I to III: respectively with R1=H or OH and R2=branched or straight-chain C1-C16 alkyl radical which is substituted with heteroatoms or unsubsituted, or R2=ω-hydroxyalkyl radical esterified with linoleic acid, wherein the ceramide molecules are bonded covalently to each other via a spacer at their lipophilic end, either via the alkyl chain of the sphingosine basic structure or via the fatty acid radical or via the combination of both attack points, wherein the spacer consists of an oxygen atom or an —O—(CH2)n—O— group with n=1 to 20, wherein at the hydrophilic end of the ceramide molecules, via the hydroxyl group or the hydroxymethylene group of the sphingosine basic body, at least one hydrophilic group is disposed for increasing the hydration shell of the dimer, wherein the hydrophilic group is selected from the group consisting of amino acids, polyols, sugars, organic acids, inorganic acids, choline, urea, and also combinations thereof. |
