Reactor for performing a three-phase reaction of a fluid and a gaseous phase on a packed bed catalyst

摘要

A reactor for carrying out a three-phase reaction of a liquid phase, a gaseous phase, and a catalyst over a fixed catalyst bed is disclosed. The liquid and gaseous phases are passed through the reactor via a mixing and distribution device positioned over the fixed catalyst bed. The mixing and distribution device includes a trough distributor for the liquid phase, having trough-shaped channels, outlet tubes in the trough-shaped channels for the liquid phase, a distributor plate below the trough distributor, and vertical nozzles, having one or more openings for the gaseous phase and one or more openings, arranged below the openings for the gaseous phase. For entry of the liquid phase, the nozzles are installed so that, at a predetermined liquid feed rate, the surface of the liquid on the distributor plate is below the openings for the gaseous phase and above the openings for the liquid phase.

主权项

1. A reactor for carrying out a three-phase reaction of a liquid phase, a gaseous phase and a catalyst arranged in a fixed catalyst bed, wherein the liquid phase and the gaseous phase being introduced from the outside the reactor and passed through the reactor in cocurrent from the top downward, wherein the reactor comprises:
a fixed catalyst bed being arranged horizontally in the reactor and a mixing and distribution device being arranged at the top of the reactor comprising: a distributor plate with vertical nozzles, closed at the upper end, wherein from 50 to 200 nozzles per m2 are arranged regularly on the distributor plate and the nozzles have a free diameter of from 5 to 75 mm and a length of from 100 to 600 mm above the distributor plate and a length of from 20 to 250 mm below the distributor plate and having one or more openings for entry of the gaseous phase having a diameter of from 1 to 30 mm to provide a controlled pressure drop between entry into the reactor and entry into the vertical nozzles to be between 50 and 500 pascal and one or more openings, which are arranged below the one or more openings for entry of the gaseous phase, for entry of the liquid phase into the nozzles, with the number and size of the one or more openings for entry of the liquid phase being designed so that, at a predetermined liquid feed rate, the surface of the liquid on the distributor plate can be established below the one or more openings for entry of the gaseous phase and above the one or more openings for entry of the liquid phase, wherein the one or more openings for entry of the liquid phase have a diameter of from 3 to 35 mm and are arranged at a height of from 10 to 100 mm above the distributor plate and a trough distributor for the liquid phase wherein the liquid phase is introduced via an inlet tube into the trough distributor having trough-shaped channels and outlet tubes in the trough-shaped channels, and the length of the outlet tubes is designed in such a way that the lower ends thereof are positioned 20 to 200 mm above the distributor plate a port for introducing the gaseous phase separately from the liquid phase into a gas space between the trough distributor and the distributor plate, the port is arranged upstream of the distributor plate.