MATERIAL COMPUESTO QUE COMPRENDE UNA MATRIZ POROSA DE CARBON AMORFO Y NANOPARTICULAS DE BI OBTENIBLE MEDIANTE UN PROCEDIMIENTO SOL-GEL, PROCEDIMIENTO DE OBTENCION Y SU USO

摘要

The invention relates to a composite material comprising a porous matrix of amorphous carbon having a pore size of between 2 and 1000 nm and containing a homogenous arrangement of embedded spherical nanoparticles, having a size of between 5 and 500 nm, of at least one metal element that is Bi in the tetragonal crystalline phase, which can be obtained using a method that comprises at least the following steps: a) preparing a sol-gel liquid composition in the form of a solution containing at least one organic precursor of the matrix in a solvent; b) depositing the liquid solution in a mould or on a support in the form of a layer or microstructure; c) condensing the liquid solution containing the organic precursor in the mould or the support until a wet organic gel is obtained; d) drying the wet get; and e) pyrolysing the gel in an inert atmosphere at a temperature equal to or greater than 800ºC. According to the invention, at least one precursor of Bi is added either: in the first step (a), said precursor(s) being dissolved in the solvent together with the organic precursor in order to form part of the sol-gel composition; or in the third step (c), impregnating the wet organic gel with a solution of the precursor of Bi in a solvent prior to drying. The material has a Bi surface area of between 2.5·102 cm2/g and 2.5·105 cm2 /g, and the matrix has an intrinsic accessible porosity of between 10% and 95% in relation to the non-porous amorphous carbon.