Hochoberflächiger trägerloser Katalysator für elektrochemische Prozesse und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung

摘要

A high-surface area carrier-free catalyst has aerogel structure made of metal, and has BET specific surface area of 30 m 2>/g or more, preferably 50 m 2>/g or more. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) preparation of catalyst, which involves providing an aqueous solution or organic metal salt solution, adding an aqueous or organic sodium borohydride solution, aging the aqueous or organic mixture, washing the obtained metal hydraulic gel using water and acetone, separating the water, introducing obtained acetone-containing metal hydraulic gel into a dryer, drying such that acetone is replaced with liquid carbon dioxide, converting the carbon dioxide to the gas phase by increasing the temperature of the carbon dioxide-containing metal hydraulic gel to more than the critical point of carbon dioxide, and discharging; (2) fuel cell, which consists of fuel cell electrode, membrane electrode assembly and/or catalyst layer containing the catalyst; (3) electrolyzer, which consists of electrode, membrane electrode assembly and/or catalyst layer containing the catalyst; and (4) metal-air battery, which consists of electrode, separator-electrode assembly and/or catalyst layer containing the catalyst.