| 摘要 |
557,459. Artificial silk etc.; treating textiles with liquids &c. BREW, H. E. May 15, 1942, No. 6601. [Classes 2 (ii) and 15 (ii)] Textile fabrics or yarns in which the yarns are composed of potentially-adhesive cellulose derivative components and inert components are subjected to treatment with a cellulose derivative solvent so as to cause the potentiallyadhesive components to adhere to each other without adhering to the inert components, and the solvent treatment is followed by treatment with a swelling agent such that the cellulose derivative components are caused to increase in length, either to remove the shrinkage produced by the solvent treatment or to give an excess over the original length, the length of the inert components being unaffected. Such a lengthening results in the twist becoming looser and more readily allows movement between the adhering and non-adhering components of the yarn under lateral stresses, thereby increasing the elasticity of the fabric. Preferably the yarn is under a slight tension during the solvent-adhesion treatment, e.g. under the tension obtaining in a stocking when on one of the shapes used in the usual finishing treatments. Fabrics may be treated under tension with an organic solvent or solvent mixture capable of gelatinizing and rendering adhesive the cellulose derivative fibres. After removing the fabrics from the bath and evaporating the adhering solvent, the fabrics are treated with hot aqueous solutions of swelling agents so as to cause elongation of the cellulose derivative fibres. The solvent used for the adhesion treatment may be methylene or ethylene dichloride or ethyl acetate diluted if desired with a non-polar liquid such as benzene or carbon tetrachloride. The swelling agent used in the hot aqueous solution may be ethyl alcohol or other lower aliphatic alcohol, acetic acid or other fatty acid, a ketone such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone, an ester such as ethyl lactate, a glycol or glycol ester or ether, dioxane, diacetone alcohol, a chlorhydrin, or mesityl oxide. Electrolytes may be present in the hot aqueous bath, e.g. acetates, halides, nitrates, thiocyanates, perchlorates, sulphates, phosphates, citrates, and oxalates of alkali- or alkaline-earth metals or of magnesium, copper, zinc, or aluminium. In an example, stockings are knitted from a composite yarn containing viscose and cellulose acetate filaments. The stockings are pulled on to flat shapes and immersed in ethylene dichloride for ten minutes. They are removed and the solvent is drained or squeezed off and the remainder evaporated. Squeezing facilitates adhesion at the crossings. The stockings are removed from the shapes and immersed in a hot aqueous solution of diacetone alcohol. The treated materials may be dyed and then lubricated with a paraffin wax emulsion. The potentially-adhesive component may consist of continuous filaments or staple fibres and it may be associated with staple fibres of cotton or viscose. Specification 538,865 is referred to. |
