| 摘要 |
1,233,379. Making diesel fuel. AMF Inc. 11 Dec., 1968 [29 Dec., 1967], No. 59104/67. Heading C5E. Diesel fuel is made from crude oil by a process comprising heating the crude, at 56, to form a residual oil and vapours, indirectly cooling the vapours, at 34, to condense diesel fuel only, combining the residual with the crude, and disposing of the remaining vapour. The apparatus operates as follows: crude oil is fed at 10 to a heat exchanger 14 and thence by a pump 26 to the condenser 34, passing over a surface 36 and via 38, 44 to a standpipe 24 for recirculation via 26, or for storing or recombining with the feed via 52. Heated crude is drawn off at 46 and passed via 64 . . . 70 to an electrically heated kettle 56, being further preheated by hot residual oil in a pipe 72 passing from 112 to 114. Vapours from the kettle 56 rise through ports 84, 86 and condense as diesel fuel on the inner surface of 36, being drawn off from 88 by syphon 90 for. delivery by the heat exchanger 14 to product outlet 98. Light vapours from the passage of the crude over surfaces 36, 72 are taken off at 42 and 77 respectively to an outlet 102. The temperature in the condenser is maintained at about 250‹ F. by temperature-responsive means 54 which control a valve 52 operative to release warm crude from the cooling circuit, a supply valve 18 being controlled by liquid-level responsive means 22 in the pipe 24. The temperature of the crude in the kettle 56 is maintained at about 525‹ F. by temperature-responsive means 58 controlling a supply valve 60. Alternatively, the means 58 may control the heating means for the kettle. The surface 36 may be of basket type, see Fig. 3 (not shown), and a similar surface (122) may transfer heat from the heating elements (116) to oil in the kettle 56, see Fig. 2 (not shown). The residual oil in the line 14, optionally after being mixed with overhead vapours from 102, is delivered to the crude oil prior to its treatment. |
