摘要 |
<p>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrophotographic photosensitive member that suppresses (reduces) positive ghosting, a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus that include the electrophotographic photosensitive member.SOLUTION: An undercoat layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member is an electron transporting layer and includes organic acid metal salt having at least one metal element selected from a group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn.</p> |