Lithium-Selenium secondary batteries having non-flammable electrolyte

摘要

A rechargeable lithium-selenium cell comprising a cathode having a cathode active material selected from Se or SexSy (x/y ratio=0.01 to 100), an anode having an anode active material, a porous separator electronically separating the anode and the cathode, a non-flammable quasi-solid electrolyte in contact with the cathode and the anode, wherein the electrolyte contains a lithium salt dissolved in a first organic liquid solvent with a lithium salt concentration sufficiently high (at least 2.0 M, more preferably >3.0 M) so that the electrolyte exhibits a vapor pressure less than 0.01 kPa when measured at 20° C., a flash point at least 20 degrees Celsius higher than the flash point of the first organic liquid solvent alone, a flash point higher than 150° C., or no flash point. This battery cell is non-flammable and safe, has a long cycle life, high capacity, and high energy density.

主权项

1. A rechargeable lithium-selenium cell comprising a cathode having a cathode active material selected from Se or SexSy (x/y ratio=0.01 to 100), an anode having an anode active material, a porous separator electronically separating said anode and said cathode, a non-flammable quasi-solid electrolyte in contact with said cathode and said anode, wherein said electrolyte contains a lithium salt dissolved in a first organic liquid solvent with a lithium salt concentration sufficiently high so that said electrolyte exhibits a vapor pressure less than 0.01 kPa when measured at 20° C., a vapor pressure less than 60% of the vapor pressure of said first organic solvent alone, a flash point at least 20 degrees Celsius higher than a flash point of said first organic liquid solvent alone, a flash point higher than 150° C., or no flash point.