| 摘要 |
1,165,440. Steam reforming hydrocarbons. SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ N.V. 18 Dec., 1967 [20 Dec., 1966], No. 57364/67. Heading C5E. Gases containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide are prepared by the partial combustion of hydrocarbons in a reaction chamber comprising one or more burners to which the hydrocarbons and an oxygen-containing gas are supplied, a first zone located near these burners and in which the combustion gases from the burners are thoroughly mixed, and a second zone which comprises at least three theoretical mixing stages and in which the reaction is completed whilst the conversion of soot to gaseous compounds is promoted. A suitable apparatus has a burner 3, a first zone 1 which is cylindrical and has a length to diameter ratio of at most 6: 1, a second cylindrical zone 2, coaxial with the first zone, having a diameter of 0À5 to 0À8 times that of the first zone and a length such that this second zone comprises at least three theoretical mixing stages. The length of the second zone may be between 1 and 5 times the diameter of the first zone. Mixing of the gases in the first zone may be promoted by introducing the hydrocarbons and/or oxygen required for the combustion in such a way as to make the combustion gases rotate about the centre line of the zone. In the example, 100 tons of hydrocarbon per day are reacted with 120 tons of oxygen and 50 tons of steam at a temperature of 1300‹ C. and a pressure of 35 atm. in an apparatus wherein the first zone has a diameter of 1 m. and a length of 1À35 m., the second zone has a length of 3 m. and a diameter of 0À6 m., and the conical connecting section has a length of 0À25 m. |
