PRESSURE-CONTROLLED REACTOR

摘要

Pyrolyzing or thermolyzing a fluid or fluidized starting material in a multi-tube bundle reactor comprising a number of heatable reactor tubes (5), comprises feeding the starting material to the tube bundle reactor at one end by at least one supply line (4), where the supply line has many pressure reduction units, and the pressure reduction units control a substantially equal inflow of the starting material into individual reactor tubes, and heating the reactor tubes to a decomposition temperature of the starting material in at least one primary section. Pyrolyzing or thermolyzing a fluid or fluidized starting material in a multi-tube bundle reactor comprising a number of heatable reactor tubes, comprises feeding the starting material to the tube bundle reactor at one end by at least one supply line, where the supply line has many pressure reduction units, which enable a positive pressure before the starting material is introduced into individual reactor tubes of the multi-tube reactor and a negative pressure in the interior of the reactor tubes, and the pressure reduction units control a substantially equal inflow of the starting material into individual reactor tubes, and heating the reactor tubes to a decomposition temperature of the starting material in at least one primary section, where the starting material is pyrolyzed or thermolyzed and a pyrolysis product or thermolysis product is obtained. Independent claims are also included for: (1) a device for performing above mentioned method, comprising a pyrolysis or thermolysis reactor having a reactor bundle, many reactor tubes with a starting material feed line which is connected to the individual reactor tubes via a pressure reducing unit, where the reactor tubes are heated, and the interior of the reaction tubes is operatively connected to a vacuum pump; and (2) thermolyzing carboxylic acid amide, preferably formamide for the formation of hydrogen cyanide, in a tube bundle reactor comprising contacting carboxylic acid with heated surfaces of the reactor, where many reactor tubes of the tube bundle reactor are fed with equal amounts of carboxylic acid amide by pressure regulation, heating the carboxylic acid amide on the heated surface to its decomposition temperature, and continuously discharging the product gas.