| 摘要 |
The invention relates to a surface vertical shaft retort (100), heated by an external source, which includes (i) a multifunctional central pipe (110), (ii) a top sealing device (120), (iii) a load distribution system (130), (iv) a retorting vessel (140) with an annular shaped bed (141) furnished with a set of load pipes (142), spaced among themselves, to form a collecting chamber to gather gas and mist (143), a hot gas injector (144), a cold recycle collector (145) and distributor (146), and a bed control and unloading mechanism (147), (v) a plenun chamber (150), (vi) a device for heat recovery of the spent shale (160) containing a piping network (162)for recirculation and spraying of the retorting water and accumulation hoppers (161) and (vii) a device for dry bottom sealing (170). In addition, this patent application comprises a process to obtain oil and gas from pyro-bituminous oil shale and/or materials which contain organic compounds using the referred surface vertical retort heated by an external source (100) through the following steps (a) load supply, (b) sealing of the load supply, (c) load distribution, (d) gathering and removal of gases and mist, (e) heating and drying of the load, (f) reinjection of gas stream from the cold recycle gas from stage (i), (g) load pyrolysis, (h) injection of the gas stream from the hot gas recycle, (i) removal of the cold gas recycle stream, (j) heat recovery of the spent shale, (k) discharge of the bed with annular shaped, (l) cold gas recycle injection (m) mixture of the cold recycle stream with water vapor stream, (n) collection in the accumulation hoppers of discharged spent shale, (o) spraying of the recycled retorting water, (p) vapor generation by the contact of the recycled retorting water with the retorted material deposited in the accumulation hoppers and (q) dry discharge of the spent shale, and bottom sealing. |
