| 摘要 |
FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: device comprises a frame, a support wheel, a mechanism of attachment to the tractor, working bodies. The frame consists of a longitudinal, transverse and bearing bars. The working bodies are made with the controlled parameters of plough-bottom surface (PBS) and have a system of parameter regulation. The system of parameter regulation comprises a movable rod with a hydraulic cylinder. The bearing bar in the front part is pivotally connected to the transverse bar by means of an axis and with the ability of rotation relative to it. At the rear part the bearing bar is attached to the longitudinal bar using a rounded clamp. The clamp with its one end is rigidly fixed to the bearing bar and with the other end it is attached to the longitudinal bar by the fixing finger and slots, and also by the hydraulic cylinder. The openings are made on the longitudinal bar and the rounded clamp and have equal diameter. The hydraulic cylinder with one end is connected to the bearing bar and with the other end it is pivotally connected to the end of the transverse bar. The transverse bar is rigidly attached to the longitudinal bar perpendicular to it. At the other end of the transverse bar the finish loader of the mechanism of connection to the tractor is hingedly mounted. The racks of the working bodies of the plough are attached in the bearing bar using sleeves with the ability of rotation carried out by cranks. The cranks are rigidly connected with the upper part of the racks on one side, and on the other - with a pivotally movable rod with a screw mechanism. The screw mechanism is a tube inside which at its end the fixed nut is mounted, which with the rod of the screw mechanism constitutes a screw pair. The rod of the screw mechanism with the handle at the end is located with the ability of rotation in the through opening of the fixing plate attached rigidly to the end of bearing bar. The method consists in regulating the angles characterising the PBS. In accordance with a given degree of crumbling soil a certain trajectory of soil movement on PBS is graphically set and the normal forces acting on a layer of soil are determined. Then on the directions of the normal forces the PBS patterns are created implementing the given trajectories. Analysis of the patterns is carried out, by change of amount of bending of mouldboard and the angles of placement the coulter to the bottom and the wall of the furrow the parameters of the PBS are determined, corresponding to the given degree of crumbling. The obtained parameters are set by adjusting the base PBS of the surface of the working bodies of the plough by its turns and movements using the device described above.EFFECT: such technology and constructive implementation enable to ensure the given degree of soil crumbling and to regulate the energy consumption of the tillage process.5 cl, 5 dwg |
