| 摘要 |
<PICT:0372323/IV/1> Artificial filaments are cut into staple lengths and curled, by winding them on to a rod of small periphery, allowing them to remain on the rod long enough to acquire a permanent curl, and then cutting the filaments from the rod. The rod may be heated to soften the filaments when they are of cellulose acetate or other organic derivatives of cellulose, either electrically or by circulating hot oil, air, water or steam inside the hollow rod, or by enclosing the rods in ovens, a temperature of 50-100 DEG C. being suitable; or softening may be effected by winding the filaments continuously with their production and whilst they still retain some solvent; or substances such as vinyl acetate may be added to the spinning solution to maintain the filaments slightly soft; or, particularly when the filaments are unwound from supply packages, the solvent may be applied by passing the filaments over a wick or roller, or through a chamber containing the vapour or a spray of the solvent. Suitable low boiling-point solvents are acetone, methyl or ethyl alcohol with ethylene dichloride or with dichlorethylene, medium or high boiling-point solvents are ethyl lactate, diacetone alcohol (alone or with water or alcohol), dibutyl tartrate, and tricresyl phosphate. The process may be intermittent, e.g. by winding filaments on to the rod and cutting them off in a separate operation, or continuous, the filaments being cut from the rod substantially immediately after they have been wound on, e.g. the filaments are wound on the hollow rod 9 by the traverse guide 11 which is connected to a rod 13 carrying two knives 12 which project through a slot 14 in the rod. The rod, together with the knives, is rotated, the filaments being traversed by the guide 11 and almost immediately cut by one of the knives 12 which follow the guide. The rod 9 is electrically heated by elements 14<1>, current being supplied through brushes 15. The filaments may be wound on the rod under tension, which may be great enough to cause permanent elongation thereof with a corresponding reduction in denier; the staple fibres may be removed by suction or air blowers or allowed to drop into a receptacle. The staple fibres may be spun into yarn alone or with natural fibres or with fibres of other artificial materials.
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