Phosphine-ligated palladium sulfonate palladacycles

摘要

Described are palladium precatalysts, and methods of making and using them. The palladium precatalysts show improved stability and improved reactivity in comparison to previously-described palladium precatalysts.

主权项

1. A precatalyst of formula I: wherein, independently for each occurrence,
X is selected from the group consisting of boron tetrafluoride, tetraarylborates, hexafluoroantimonate, phosphorus tetrafluoride, phosphorus hexafluoride, alkylsulfonate, haloalkylsulfonate, arylsulfonate, perchlorate, bis(alkylsulfonyl)amide, bis(fluoroalkylsulfonyl)amide, bis(arylsulfonyl)amide, (fluoroalkylsulfonyl)(fluoroalkylcarbonyl)amide, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, hydrogensulfate, alkyl sulfate, aryl sulfate, carbonate, bicarbonate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate, phosphinate, and hypochlorite;R1 is H, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, aryl, or halo; andL is a trialkylphosphine, triarylphosphine, dialkylarylphosphine, alkyldiarylphosphine, bis(phosphine), phosphoramide, amine, bis(amine), or N-heterocyclic carbene.