Method of and means for increasing effects by oscillations

摘要

The invention consists in promoting chemical and physical actions in heterogeneous systems by directly subjecting them to oscillations of such frequencies and amplitudes "that solid particles of said substances are elastically strained only so as to prevent rolling motions of the same, but that fluids can still flow and fresh fluid particles pass to and, it may be, through said particles of said substances to be treated." The Specification mentions numerous applications of the invention to the treatment of (1) solid substances, e.g. drying wood, ceramic masses, fabrics, etc.; dyeing fabrics, yarns, etc.; impregnating wood; washing various articles; roasting ores; fermentation and maturing foodstuffs etc.; malting; baking bread; &c., (2) granular materials, e.g. filtering, lixiviating, drying, and combustion processes; (3) finely divided materials, e.g. formation and coagulation of emulsions, &c. Numerous forms of apparatus are described, in which the oscillations are imparted by eccentrically-weighted rotating members 3, Fig. 1, to the containing vessel as in Fig. 1, or to one or more walls 69 of the vessel as in Fig. 36, or to a framework 29, Fig. 15, over which the fabric &c. 30 to be treated is passed, or to plates 81, Fig. 39, immersed in the material and which may be separated by elastic buffers 82 situated one wave-length distant from the plates.