| 摘要 |
A device for evaluating motion of a knee and for forming a brace which includes a first plate having four holes therein, a femoral arm, a tibial arm formed with a rectangular portion from which extends to a semi-circular portion having a central opening and an arcuate opening which for a first 25-30 degrees is an arc of a circle, for a subsequent 105-110 degrees is a spiral and is an arc of a circle from 135-140 to 180 degrees, a second plate having five holes therein and a small circular plate having a linear scale centrally thereof, a graduated arcuate scale and another arcuate opening configured to overlap the arcuate opening of the semi-circular portion of the tibial arm. |
| 主权项 |
1. Device for knee evaluation, comprising:
a first plate having a rounded shape and a first hole, a second hole, a third hole and a fourth hole; said first hole of the first plate being threaded and being centrally located along a longitudinal axis (“a”) of the first plate; said second hole of the first plate being in a peripheral position and lying along an axis (“b”) perpendicular to axis (“a”) passing through the first hole of said first plate; said second hole being at a distance “l” with respect to the first hole of said first plate; said third hole being on the first plate at a distance “r” from the first hole; the third hole being located in the quadrant bounded by axis (“a”) and by the part of axis (“b”) on which the second hole of said first plate lying; said third hole of said first plate being positioned on a semiaxis (“d”), which departs by a few degrees from axis (“a”); said fourth hole being positioned on an axis perpendicular to axis (“a”) passing through the centre of the third hole of said first plate and located in the same quadrant; a femoral arm consisting in a rectangular shaped blade which ends being particularly shaped; the distal end of the femoral arm is partially cut as quarter-circle and the centre of the cut part being located at the intersection between the rear edge of the femoral arm and an axis (“b1”) orthogonal to the rear edge of the femoral arm; the radius of the concavity so formed is less than the length of the distal end of the femoral arm; the distal end said femoral arm further comprising a front distal sector and a rear distal sector; the concavity is placed between the front distal sector and the rear distal sector; the front distal sector is orthogonal to the front edge of said femoral arm; the axis “b1” being parallel to the front distal sector and proximal to it; a reference indicator being traced on the front distal sector; said reference indicator coinciding with axis (“b1”); the rear distal sector of the concavity being shaped in a semicircle whose centre is a first hole of said femoral arm; a second hole of said femoral arm being placed on an axis perpendicular to the rear edge of the femoral arm passing through the centre of the first hole of the femoral arm; a tibial arm consisting in a rectangular shaped blade and a plate in a single body where the plate being the proximal end of the tibial arm; said tibial arm plate having a rounded shape and in the same lying a first opening and a second opening; said first tibial opening being rectangular in shape with rounded ends and is achieved by creating a hole in the centre of the plate of the proximal end of the tibial arm and proceeding distally along an axis (“a2”) coaxial to the rear edge of the rectangular blade of the tibial arm; the initial hole coincides with the proximal end of the first tibial opening; an axis (“b2”) passing through the centre of the proximal end of the first tibial opening and an axis (“b3”) passing through the centre of the distal end of the first tibial opening; said axes (“b2”, “b3”) being orthogonal to the axis of symmetry of the first tibial opening; said second tibial opening being placed in a peripheral position on the proximal end of the plate of the tibial arm and extending for 180 degrees; a first end of said second tibial opening being situated on said axis (“b2”), towards the front edge of the plate of the tibial arm and at a distance “l” from the centre of the proximal end of the first tibial opening; the other end of the second tibial opening lying on said axis (“b3”) towards the rear edge of the plate of the tibial arm; said second tibial opening for the first 25-30 degrees from said axis (“b2”) being an arc of a circle with its centre at the centre of the proximal end of the first tibial opening and a radius equal to “l”; said second tibial opening for the next 105-110 degrees being a spiral coming inward towards the centre of the tibial arm plate; the longitudinal axis of this spiral being derived from the sequence of points of the end of a segment of length “l” whose second end moves along the longitudinal axis (“a2”) of the first tibial opening proceeding from its proximal end to its distal end; said second tibial opening being again an arc of a circumference from 135-140 degrees up to 180 degrees with its centre coinciding with the centre of the distal end of the first tibial opening and a radius equal to “l”; the proximal and rear peripheral edge of the plate constituting the proximal end of tibial arm having a first part which starts in the proximal sector and develops in the rear sector the peripheral edge being shaped as an arc of a circle with the centre in the centre of the proximal end of the first tibial opening; the first part of the peripheral edge of the plate constituting the proximal end of tibial arm continuing with a second part which develops in the rear sector; the second part of the peripheral edge being shaped as a spiral tending to move away from the centre of the plate constituting the proximal end of the tibial arm; the points forming the longitudinal axis of this spiral are at a greater and greater distance from the centre of the proximal end of the first tibial opening; the second part continues with a third part which develops in the rear-distal sector; the third part of the peripheral edge being shaped as an arc of a circle with centre in the centre of the distal and of the first tibial opening; a second plate having a rounded shape and a first hole, a second hole, a third hole, a fourth hole and a fifth hole; said first hole of the second plate being centrally located along a longitudinal axis (“a3”) of the second plate; the second hole of the second plate lying along an axis (“b4”) perpendicular to axis (“a3”) and passing through the first hole of the second plate, at a distance “l” with respect to the first hole of the second plate; the third hole of the second plate being placed along axis (“b4”) in a peripheral position from the second hole of the second plate; the fourth hole being made on the second plate at a distance “r” from the first hole of the second plate and located in the quadrant bounded by axis (“a3”) and by the part of axis (“b4”) on which the second and the third holes of the second plate being made; the fourth hole being positioned on a semiaxis “d1” which departs by a few degrees from axis (“a3”); the fifth hole of the second plate being positioned on an axis perpendicular to axis (“a3”) passing through the centre of the fourth hole of the second plate located in the same quadrant; said second hole, fourth hole and fifth hole being threaded; a rounded shaped small plate; on the small plate a linear scale and an angular graduate scale being traced; said linear scale having a division in millimeters and being located along an axis “x” intersected by an axis “y”, orthogonal to axis “x”; the value 0 of the linear scale coinciding with the intersection between axes “x” and “y”, and the values increase proceeding towards the periphery of the small plate; said angular graduate scale having value 0 degrees on axis “y” and extends on the small plate counterclockwise in the diametrically opposite part to that in which the linear scale extending; the angular graduate scale for the first 30 degrees follows a circular pattern and the angular distribution corresponds to the goniometric one; from 30 degrees on, the angular graduate scale follows a spiral trend moving towards the centre with an increase in the distance between the notches proportional to axial displacement; said small plate having an opening extending for 180 degrees, a first end of which being located on axis “y” at a distance “l” from the intersection of axis “y” with axis “x” and towards value 0 degrees of the angular scale; the other end of the small plate opening lying on an axis “y1” parallel to “y” and passing through the last value shown on the linear scale; said small plate opening for the first 25-30 degrees from the above-mentioned axis “y” being an arc of a circle having its centre at the intersection of axes “x” and “y” and having a radius equal to “l”; said small plate opening for the next 105-110 degrees being a spiral moving inward towards the intersection of axes “x” and “y”; the longitudinal axis of this spiral deriving from the sequence of points of the end of a segment of length “l” whose second end moves along said linear scale; said small plate opening from 135-140 degrees up to 180 degrees being again an arc of a circle having its centre coinciding with the last value shown on the linear scale and a radius equal to “l”; the distal part of the femoral arm being superimposed on a part of the first plate so that axis (“a1”) passing through the rear edge of the femoral arm being parallel to longitudinal axis (“a”) of the first plate) and axis (“b1”) parallel to the distal edge of the femoral arm and proximal to it being parallel to axis (“b”) of the first plate; the plate forming the proximal end of the tibial arm being superimposed on a part of the first plate so that axis (“a2”) coaxial with the rear edge of the rectangular blade of the tibial arm being parallel to longitudinal axis (“a”) of the first plate and axis (“b2”) passing through the centre of the proximal end of the first tibial opening being parallel to axis (“b”) of the first plate; said tibial arm being positioned distally to the femoral arm; the edge of the above-mentioned concavity always remaining in contact with the peripheral edge of the proximal end of the plate forming the proximal end of the tibial arm during movement of the latter in relation to the femoral arm; said small plate being positioned on the plate forming the proximal end of the tibial arm aligning the intersection of axis “x” and axis “y” of the small plate with the centre of the proximal end of the first tibial opening; axis “y”, on which an indication being placed of the 0 degrees angle of the angular graduate scale, being parallel to axis (“b2”) passing through the centre of the proximal end of the first tibial opening; the last value shown on linear scale coincides with the centre of the distal end of the first tibial opening and the small plate opening overlaps the second tibial opening; axis “y” of the small plate being parallel to axis (“a”) of the first plate and corresponds to the reference indicator placed on the fore distal end of the femoral arm; the second plate being then superimposed on the small plate, on the femoral arm and on the tibial arm; axis (“a3”) of the second plate being parallel to axis (“a1”) of the femoral arm and to axis (“a2”) of the tibial arm; axis (“b4”) of the second plate being parallel to axis (“b1”) of the femoral arm and to axis (“b2”) of the tibial arm; said proximal end of the tibial arm being pivoted by a first pin and a second pin to the first plate; said first pin being threaded at one end and the second pin having a through hole coaxial to its longitudinal axis; said first pin being screwed into the first hole of the first plate and being housed in the first tibial opening; said first plate being fixed with the distal end of the femoral arm and the second plate through three screws; a first screw passing through the third hole of the first plate passes the first hole of the femoral arm and being screwed in the threaded fourth hole of the second plate; a second screw passing through the fourth hole of the first plate passes the second hole of the femoral arm and being screwed in the threaded fifth hole of the second plate; a third screw passing through the second hole of the first plate and the through hole of the second pin being screwed in the threaded second hole of the second plate; an end of the second pin, after passing through the second tibial opening, being housed in the small plate opening; the height of the first pin being lower than the height of the second pin and smaller than the thickness of the tibial arm; the first pin and the second pin extending towards the plate constituting the proximal end of the tibial arm; the group first plate—femoral arm—second plate—small plate being so joined with the proximal end of the tibial arm. |
