| 主权项 |
1. A process for separating a heavy hydrocarbon comprised of:
a) contacting a first side of a functionalized filter located in a filtration unit with a heavy hydrocarbon stream having a final boiling point above 950° F.; b) obtaining a permeate from a second side of the functionalized filter, wherein the permeate has passed from the first side of the functionalized filter to the second side of the functionalized filter by passing the permeate components through the functionalized filter, and wherein the permeate has a lower Conrad Carbon Residue (CCR) content than the heavy hydrocarbon stream; and c) obtaining a retentate from the first side of the functionalized filter, wherein the retentate has a higher Conrad Carbon Residue (CCR) content than the heavy hydrocarbon stream; wherein the functionalized filter is comprised of a ceramic filter element and a polymer layer comprised of multi-ring aromatic imides, multi-ring aromatic diimides, or a combination thereof; wherein at least a portion of the multi-ring aromatic imides or multi-ring aromatic diimides are chemically linked to the ceramic filter element via siloxane groups and are chemically linked to each other in the polymer layer by an organic linking monomer comprised of from about 1 to about 12 carbon atoms; wherein the organic linking monomer is selected from the group consisting of hexamethylene diamine, phenylene diamine, methylene dianiline, methylene di-o-chloroaniline, 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylene diamine, methylene di-o-chloroaniline, methylene bis(dichloroaniline), methylene dichlorocyclohexylamine, 4,4′-(hexafluoro-isopropylidene)-bisaniline, 3,3′-diaminophenyl sulfone, 4,4′-diaminophenyl sulfone, 2,4-diamino cumene, methyl bis(di-o-toluidine), oxydianiline, bisaniline A, bisaniline P, bisaniline M, 2,2-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propane, 4,4′-bis(4-aminophenoxy)biphenyl, diaminocyclooctane, tetramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, octamethylenediamine, decamethylenediamine, aminomethylcyclooctylmethanamine, 1,5-diaminonaphthalene, 1,8-diaminonaphthalene, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsilane, 2,2′-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine, 1,2-diaminobenzene, 1,3-diaminobenzene, 1,4-diaminobenzene, 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-diaminobenzene, 2-(trifluoromethyl)-1,4-phenylenediamine, 5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-phenylenediamine, 4,4′-diaminobenzophenone, 3,4′-diaminobenzophenone, 3,3′-diaminobenzophenone, xylylene diamine, 4-aminophenyl-3-aminobenzoate, 2,4-diaminotoluene, 2,5-diaminotoluene, 2,6-diaminotoluene, 2,4-diamino-6-chlorotoluene, 4-chloro-1,3-phenylenediamine, 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3-diaminobenzene, 2,2′-bis-(4-phenoxy aniline)isopropylidene, 4,4′-trifluoromethyl-2,2′-diaminobiphenyl, 4,4′-thio-bis-[(2-trifluoromethyl)benzene amine, 9,9-bis(4-aminophenyl)-fluorene, 1,3-diamino-2,4,5,6-tetrafluorobenzene, 4,4′-diaminobenzanilide, o-tolidine sulfone, o-tolidine disulfonic acid, 4,4′-diamino-3,3′-dicaarboxy-diphenyl methane, 9,9′-bis(4-aminophenyl)fluorene, diaminodurene, 3,3′5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine, and 1,3-diamino-2,4,5,6-tetrafluorobenzene; and wherein the permeate components passes through at least a portion of the polymer layer and at least a portion of the ceramic filter element. |
