POLYURETHANES, POLYURETHANE FOAMS AND METHODS FOR THEIR MANUFACTURE

摘要

Polyurethane foams are described, as well as the production of such polyurethane foams by the reaction between a natural polyol, such as sucrose or a blend of mono- or disaccharides in place of the standard hydrocarbon-based polyol component, an ionic liquid or a deep eutectic solvent, a polyisocyanate and water in the presence of a suitable polyurethane forming catalyst and optionally a flame retardant, and optionally one or more components such as surfactants and/or emulsifiers. The resultant polyurethane foam can exhibit a bio-based solid content ranging from about 17% to 30%, may be formulated in a variety of foam densities for a variety of applications, and in the instance where a flame retardant has been added in an appropriate amount, exhibits a high degree of fire and burn resistance, as exhibited by the flame spread index and/or the smoke spread values.

主权项

1. A flame-retardant polyurethane foam comprising:
a first reaction mixture comprising polyisocyanate; a second reaction mixture comprising:
a natural polyol wherein substantially all of the hydroxyl groups on the polyol are free;an isocyanate;a surfactant;an aqueous blowing agent; anda polyurethane producing catalyst; and at least one ionic liquid in the first reaction mixture, the second reaction mixture, or both reaction mixtures.