| 摘要 |
<p>Textiles are treated with a mixture of ten parts by weight of an aqueous dispersion of an alkylated methylol melamine, containing alcohol residues equivalent to at least two alkylated groups, the alkylating alcohol having not more than four carbon atoms in the molecule, and 0.5-5 parts by weight of an aliphatic alcohol containing at least eight carbon atoms in the molecule. The textiles are then dried at 200-450 DEG F. and the resin cured therein. They are thereby rendered shrink-resistant, crease-resistant, and water-repellant. Suitable higher aliphatic alcohols are ethyl hexanol, dodecanol, tetradecanol, hexadecanol and octadecanol, or the material known under the Registered Trade Mark of "Lorol" which is a mixture of lauryl alcohol with small quantities of other alcohols. The dispersions preferably contain 2-15 per cent of melamine derivative and alcohol and may be prepared by stirring an alcoholic solution of the higher alcohol into the aqueous dispersion of alkylated methylol melamine at 80-140 DEG F. Suitable dispersing agents are sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate, dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate, ammonium caseinate, gelatine, glue and gum arabic. Textiles may be treated with 0.5-30 per cent by weight of the dispersions. Hardening of the resin in the textiles may be accelerated by addition of catalysts such as oxalic acid, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, or methyl acid pyro-phosphate, triethanolamine phthalate, zinc chloride, acetic acid or hydrochloric acid. Textiles, especially woollen goods may be given a short mild soaping after the treatment, and any of the usual textile printing operations may follow. In Example 1 formalin and melamine are heated together for half an hour at 62 DEG C. and the pH adjusted to 7.5 with 2N.NaOH. After heating for another half hour the pressure was reduced and the heating continued for 40 mins at 54 DEG C. and 2 inches pressure. Pressure was then maintained and methyl alcohol added with phosphoric acid to bring the pH to 6.4. Methanol and water were then distilled off and replaced by anhydrous methanol. After 6 or 7 hours the distillate would tolerate 100 parts of toluol and the dried resin solution was then concentrated under reduced pressure. The product was dispersed in water with the aid of sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate and a solution of octadecyl alcohol in isopropyl alcohol was mixed with the dispersion. Diammonium hydrogen phosphate was then added. Samples of cotton fabric were impregnated to the extent of 1.5 per cent of their weight with the mixture, the fabric dried, cured for 7 minutes at 290 DEG F. and soaped at 160 DEG F. in 0.5 per cent soap solution for 0.5, 4 and 6 hours. Other samples were cleaned in Stoddard solvent for 2 hours or 4 hours after the resin treatment. The samples which were then resistant to shrinkage were subjected to a standard test for water repellency. In Example 2 a solution of cetyl alcohol in ethyl alcohol replaces the solution of octadecyl alcohol in isopropyl alcohol. Specifications 486,577 and 562,977 are referred to.ALSO:Textiles are treated with a mixture of an aqueous dispersion of an alkylated methylol melamine, containing at least two alkyl groups, the alkylating group having not more than four carbon atoms, and an aliphatic alcohol containing at least eight carbon atoms in the molecule. The textiles are then dried at 200-450 DEG F. and the resin cured therein. They are thereby rendered shrink-resistant, crease-resistant and water-repellent. Suitable higher aliphatic alcohols are ethyl hexanol, dodecanol, tetradecanol, hexadecanol and octadecanol, or the material known under the Registered Trade Mark "Lorol," which is a mixture of lauryl alcohol with small quantities of other alcohols. The dispersions preferably contain 2-15 per cent of melamine derivative and alcohol and may be prepared by stirring an alcoholic solution of the higher alcohol into the aqueous dispersion of alkylated methylol melamine at 80-140 DEG F. Suitable dispersing agents are sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate, dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate, ammonium caseinate, gelatine, glue and gum arabic. Textiles may be treated with 0.5-30 per cent by weight of the dispersions. Hardening of the resin in the textiles may be accelerated by addition of catalysts such as oxalic acid, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, methyl acid pyrophosphate, triethanolamine phthalate, zinc chloride, acetic acid or hydrochloric acid. Textiles, especially woollen goods, may be given a short, mild soaping after the treatment, and any of the usual textile finishing operations may follow. In example (1), formalin and melamine are heated together for half an hour at 62 DEG C. and the pH adjusted to 7.5 with NaOH. After heating for another half hour, the pressure is reduced and the heating continued for 40 minutes at 54 DEG C. and 2 inches pressure. Pressure is then restored and methyl alcohol added with phosphoric acid to bring the pH to 6.4. Methanol and water are then distilled off and replaced by anhydrous methanol. After 6 or 7 hours, toluene is added and the dried resin solution is concentrated under reduced pressure. The product is dispersed in water with the acid of sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate and a solution of octadecyl alcohol in isopropyl alcohol is mixed with the dispersion. Diammonium hydrogen phosphate is then added. Samples of cotton fabric are impregnated to the extent of 11.5 per cent of their weight with the mixture, the fabric dried, cured for 7 minutes at 290 DEG F. and soaped at 160 DEG F. in 0.5 per cent soap solution for 0.5, 4 and 6 hours. Other samples were cleaned in Stoddard solvent for 2 hours or 4 hours after the resin treatment. The samples, which were then resistant to shrinkage, were subjected to a standard test for water repellency. In example (2), a solution of cetyl alcohol in ethyl alcohol replaces the solution of octadecyl alcohol in isopropyl alcohol. Specifications 486,577 and 562,977 are referred to.</p> |
