<p>A balanced multi-phase energy conversion apparatus configured to convert energy from a mechanical energy source into electrical energy is disclosed. The energy conversion apparatus may comprise a plurality of transducers. Each of the plurality of transducers comprises a dielectric elastomer module comprising at least one dielectric elastomer film layer disposed between at least first and second electrodes. A transmission coupling mechanism is coupled to the mechanical energy source and operatively attached to the plurality of transducers. The transmission coupling cyclically strains and relaxes the plurality of transducers in response to the mechanical energy acting on the transmission coupling mechanism. The transmission coupling mechanism comprises a work cycle. The plurality of transducers are at evenly distributed points in the work cycle such that a total passive strain energy is constant.</p>
