Highly efficient, clean and pressurized gasification apparatus for dry powder of carbonaceous material and method thereof

摘要

A gasification apparatus for solid fuel, especially an apparatus for producing syngas by pressurized gasification of coal powder, including a gasification chamber (II) and a syngas cooling and purification chamber (III). The inner wall of the gasification chamber is a water-cooling wall (4). The inner side of the water-cooled wall is evenly coated with a layer of fire-resistant material (16). There is an annular cavity between the water-cooling wall of the gasification chamber and the furnace body. A syngas quencher, a vertical pipe (22), a gas distribution device (24), a defoaming device, and a dewatering and deashing device (21) are provided in the syngas cooling and purification chamber. The apparatus has a simple structure and is easy to operate. A high temperature gasification method for dry powder of carbonaceous material comprises spraying the combustible material and oxygen into the furnace and followed by ignition.

主权项

1. A gasification apparatus for solid fuel, comprising a furnace shell system, a gasification chamber system, and a syngas cooling and purifying system, the furnace shell system includes a furnace body of cylindrical structure and a cone-shaped disk, wherein a feeding inlet is on the top of the furnace body, a slag outlet is at the bottom of the furnace body and a syngas outlet is provided in the middle of the furnace body, the furnace body is divided into an upper furnace body and a lower furnace body by the cone-shaped disk, the upper furnace body comprises a gasification chamber which is located in the upper furnace body, and the lower furnace body comprises a syngas cooling and purifying chamber which is located in the lower furnace body, characterized in that: the gasification chamber has a water-cooling wall structure, a layer of fire-resistant material is evenly coated on the inner side of the water-cooling wall, and an annular cavity is between the water-cooling wall of gasification chamber and the furnace body; a purifying system including a syngas quencher, a vertical pipe, a gas distribution device, a defoaming device and a dewatering and deashing device is provided in the syngas-cooling and purification chamber, the syngas quencher is connected with the cone-shaped disk located at the bottom of the gasification chamber, the vertical pipe is connected with the syngas quencher by means of an outlet flange located in the bottom of the gasification chamber and is connected with the bottom of the gasification chamber, a trumpet-shaped gas distribution device is connected with the lower portion of the vertical pipe via a smooth transition, a baffle device is arranged above the gas distribution device, a defoaming device is arranged 100-800 mm above the baffle device, and a dewatering and deashing device is arranged 100-800 mm above the defoaming plate at the uppermost layer of the defoaming device.