| 摘要 |
In the dry-cleaning of textiles with organic solvents containing an organic detergent, clogging of the filters and transmission of the soil to another part of the textile are avoided by the further addition to the solvent of a substance having a flocculating action on the soil, the detergent and the flocculant being added together in the form of an emulsion or dispersion with a solvent. The flocculated soil may be removed by filters or centrifuges. The solvents specified comprise benzine, trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene and carbon tetrachloride. The organic detergents referred to comprise oleates and ammonium salts of alkyl aryl sulphonates and in particular sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate, sodium monyl naphthalene sulphonate and sodium dioctyl naphthalene sulphonate; other detergents specified are diisohexcyl, heptyl phenol polyglycol ether, diisobutyl isopropyl phenol polyglycol ether, and diiso-monyl heptyl phenol poly-glycol ether. The flocculating substances may comprise phosphates including polyphosphates, silicates, colloidal silica, kieselguhr, starch and its derivatives, cellulose derivatives, mucilages, vegetable greases, alginates, carbon, synthetic resin partial condensates such as dimethylol-urea, and metal hydroxides. In the case of metal hydroxides which tend to flocculate prematurely an additional agent is preferably added therewith to stabilize them. Suitable agents comprise alkaline earth salts of high molecular weight fatty acids, alkaline earth salts of acid sulphuric acid esters of fatty alcohols, alkaline earth salts of sulpho derivatives of aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbons, and emulsifying agents such as diglycol oleate, heptylamine polyglycol ether, cetyl-methyl cyclohexylamine oxide and decyl guanidine.
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