Electrolyzer, electrodes used therefor, and electrolysis method

摘要

An electrolyzer is comprised of an anode and a cathode which are in contact with an electrolytic solution, wherein at least one of the anode and the cathode is composed of an electric conductor having a gas permeable structure comprising a gas generating surface at which gas is generated by electrolysis of the electrolytic solution, a plurality of through holes leading from the gas generating surface to a different surface and allowing the gas generated on the gas generating surface to selectively pass therethrough, and a gas releasing surface which is the different surface for releasing the gas supplied from the gas generating surface via the through holes. At least one of a surface treatment which causes the gas generating surface to be lyophilic for the electrolytic solution and a surface treatment which causes the gas releasing surface to be lyophobic for the electrolytic solution is performed.

主权项

1. An electrolyzer comprising an anode and a cathode in contact with an electrolytic solution, wherein at least one of said anode and said cathode is composed of an electric conductor having a gas permeable structure comprising a gas generating surface at which a gas is generated by electrolysis of said electrolytic solution, a plurality of through holes leading from said gas generating surface to a different surface and allowing said gas generated at the gas generating surface to selectively pass therethrough, and a gas releasing surface which is said different surface for releasing said gas supplied from said gas generating surface via said through holes, and
at least one of a surface treatment which causes said gas generating surface to be lyophilic for said electrolytic solution and a surface treatment which causes said gas releasing surface to be lyophobic for said electrolytic solution is performed, and said through holes have a radius so that the pressure of said electrolytic solution is not more than Young-Laplace pressure ΔP based on the following formula;
ΔP=−2γ cos θ/r wherein γ [N/m] is the surface tension of the electrolytic solution, θ [deg] is the contact angle between the at least one of said anode and said cathode and the electrolytic solution and r[m] is the radius of said through holes of said at least one of said anode and said cathode; and a gas storage unit for covering said gas releasing surface of the at least one of said anode and said cathode, and receiving said gas released from said gas releasing surface; wherein said electrolytic solution is molten salt containing hydrogen fluoride and a fluorine gas is generated at said anode.