| 摘要 |
<PICT:0841803/III/1> In the purification of crude C5 alcohols containing C10 hydrocarbons and other impurities, e.g. amyl alcohols produced by the "Oxo" process, the crude alcohol is fed by line 2 into a fractional distillation column 1, steam is introduced by line 4 and, if desired, also by line 2, the amount of water added as steam being sufficient to saturate the alcohol refluxing in the column 1 but insufficient to form a second liquid phase, C10 hydrocarbons and light impurities are removed overhead, the residual alcohol reflux containing heavy impurities is stripped of remaining water in a drying section 23, and dry C5 alcohols are distilled from the heavy impurities in a column 15. Overhead vapours from column 1 proceed by line 8 through condenser 9 to receiver 10 where two layers separate, a bottom water layer containing some of the alcohols which is discarded through line 11, and an upper oil layer containing hydrocarbons with some aldehydes and alcohols. Part of the upper layer is withdrawn by line 12 while part is refluxed by line 13 to an upper part of column 1. The drying section 23 is maintained by a reboiler 5 and recycle lines 6 and 7, the reboiler vapourizing the bottoms and stripping them free of water. Dry C5 alcohols and high boiling impurities are separated by straight distillation in column 15, overhead being withdrawn by line 16 through condenser 17, a part of the overhead being refluxed by line 18, while the remainder is withdrawn by line 19 as pure alcohol product. High boiling impurities are drained from the bottoms by line 20 and a part is recycled through reboiler 21 and line 22. |
