| 摘要 |
785,528. Nuclear reactors. ALLMANNA SVENSKA ELEKTRISKAAKTIEBOLAGET. July 26, 1956 [Feb. 29, 1956 ; April 27, 1956], No. 23095/56. Class 39(4). A nuclear reactor cooled by means of compressed gas or pressurized liquid and provided with a pressure vessel confining the reactor, is characterized in that the pressure vessel has a comparatively small wall thickness and is fitted into a space formed in rock in such a manner that the walls of the rock substantially take up the pressure stresses occurring in the vessel. The reactor shown in Fig. 1 comprises a reactor core 1 containing fuel rods enclosed within tubes 2, tubes 4 and a distributing chamber 5 for the incoming reactor cooling medium, a collecting chamber 6 for the outgoing coolant, and inlet and outlet pipes 7 and 8, the latter being situated behind the former in the Figure. A radiation shield 9 separates the reactor from a space 12 containing means 4 for replacing fuel rods and a television camera 15. The pressure vessel 11 is located within a space blasted out of rock, the space between the vessel and the rock being filled with concrete ; to prevent thermal stresses the vessel 11 may be cooled, for example by water. In an alternative arrangement, Fig. 2, the reactor is generally similar except that the inlet and outlet pipes for the coolant are arranged vertically. The pressure vessel 11 rests on a thick metal plate 29 which is watercooled, and the space between the vessel and the rock is filled with water which may be cooled by circulation through an inlet pipe 31 and an outlet pipe 32. It is also possible to use sodium or a mixture of bismuth and lead as the pressure transmitting medium between the pressure vessel and the rock. |
