| 摘要 |
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions refers to medicine. A respiratory device supporting the patient's airway when the patient breathes with the respiratory device comprises a body. The body is configured to enclose at least one outer opening of the patient's airway. The body forms a number of fluid passages between at least one outer opening of the patient's airway and the ambient atmosphere. A number of the fluid passages provide the first sub-collection of the fluid passages consisting of at least one, but not all of a number of the fluid passages. The device also comprises a collection of at least one inhalation valve arranged in the first sub-collection of the fluid passages. At least one inhalation valve enables a gas flow passing relatively freely from the ambient atmosphere into at least one outer opening of the patient's airway inside the first sub-collection of the fluid passages. At least one inhalation valve maintains a significant resistance or closes the gas flow from at least one outer opening of the patient's airway into the ambient atmosphere inside the first sub-collection of the fluid passages. Overall resistance to the gas flow inside a number of the fluid passages formed by the body for the gas mixture flowing from the ambient atmosphere into at least one outer opening of the patient's airways is small enough so that the patient can breathes in through the body freely. Overall resistance to the gas flow inside a number of the fluid passages formed by the body for the gas mixture flowing from at least one outer opening of the patient's airways into the ambient atmosphere is high enough so that a patient's exhalation generates pressure in the airway to support the airway during exhalation. The device additionally comprises a collection of at least one expiration valve arranged in the second sub-collection of the fluid passages formed by the body. At least one exhalation valve is configured to pass the gas flow from at least one outer opening of the patient's airway into the ambient atmosphere through the second sub-collection of the fluid passages. The second sub-collection of the fluid passages consists of at least one of a number of the fluid passages formed by the body not found in the first sub-collection of the fluid passages. At least one outer opening of the patient's airway that is enclosed by the body comprises a first outer opening and a second outer opening. At least one of the second sub-collection of the fluid passages is connected with the first outer opening, but not with the second outer opening, and comprises the first integrated sub-collection of at least one expiration valve. At least one of the second sub-collection of the fluid passages is connected with the second outer opening, but not with the first outer opening, and comprises the second integrated sub-collection of at least one expiration valve. Overall resistance of the first sub-collection from at least one expiration valve differs from overall resistance of the second sub-collection from at least one expiration valve. A system configured to support the patient's airway when the patient breathes, comprises an enclosure device of at least one outer opening of the patient's airway that forms a number of the fluid passages between at least one outer opening of the airway and the ambient atmosphere. A number of the fluid passages provide the first sub-collection of the fluid passages consisting of at least one, but not all of a number of the fluid passages. The system also comprises a device maintaining a first overall resistance to the gas flow during exhalation inside a number of the fluid passages for the gas flow from the ambient atmosphere into at least one outer opening of the airway. The first overall resistance is small enough so that the gas mixture is inhaled from the ambient atmosphere into at least one outer opening of the airway substantially immediately. The system also comprises a device maintaining a second overall resistance to the gas flow during exhalation inside a number of the fluid passages for the gas flow from at least one outer opening of the airway into the ambient atmosphere by limiting the gas flow through the first sub-collection of the fluid passages without substantial limitation of the gas flow through the other fluid passages formed by the enclosure device. The second overall resistance is high enough so that the gas mixture is exhaled from at least one outer opening of the patient's airway into the ambient atmosphere increases pressure in the patient's airway so that the high pressure supports the patient's airway. The second overall resistance to the gas flow inside a number of the fluid passages for the gas flow from at least one outer opening of the airway into the ambient atmosphere depends at least partially on a resistance to the gas flow from at least one outer opening of the airway into the ambient atmosphere inside the second sub-collection of the fluid passages |
