| 摘要 |
<p>916,533. Loading fluid cargoes; fluid-pressure counterbalanced apparatus. CHICKSAN CO. April 27, 1961 [May 9, 1960], No. 15193/61. Classes 78 (2) and 78 (4). Apparatus for connecting two containers for the transfer of fluid therebetween, particularly for use between ship and shore, comprises a pipeline supported by a crane-like structure in three pivotally-interconnected sections C, D, E, the first of which is also pivotable about a horizontal axis 30 with respect to a fixed base B, so that the apparatus may, when required, be moved from the position of use shown in Fig. 4 to a lower position of use in which the normally vertical section C extends substantially horizontally as shown in Fig. 7. As shown, the base B is secured to a turntable A on a pier P and the pipeline consists of rigid lengths 20, 32, 40, 46 with swivel couplings between adjacent lengths coaxial with the corresponding horizontal pivots 30, 34, 44 between the frame parts B, C, D, E. When in use loading or unloading a ship 62, slight movements of the latter cause movement of the frame member C, D, E about their pivots, and this movement is resiliently opposed by pressure in hydraulic cylinders 140, 268, 312 connected by cords or chains 132, 242, 300, respectively, to the appropriate sections. For this purpose the pressure in cylinders 140 and 268 are normally held at a constant value sufficient to counterbalance their respective frame members C, D and their cords 132, 242 are wrapped round eccentric cam surfaces 128, 188, respectively, so that the counterbalancing force in each case increases in proportion to the moment of the apparatus about the respective pivot 30 or 34 to retain the apparatus balanced in all operating positions thereof. Deliberate lowering of the section C into the position of Fig. 7 is achieved by reducing the pressure in cylinder 140. Movements of the boom portion D of the framework is effected by an additional pair of cylinders 210 situated one on each side of the framework. Of these cylinders the one shown pulls a rod 208 and with it pulley 206 to cause cable 200 to rotate the boom section D clockwise as viewed in Fig. 7. The other cylinder 210 (not shown) is similarly arranged but is effective to produce anticlockwise rotation of the boom and positional control is achieved by simultaneously pressurizing one cylinder of the pair and venting the other. When not in use, these cylinders are provided with just sufficient pressure to retain the cables 200 in slight tension. A similar provision is made for the control of the movements of the outer arm E of the structure whose movements about pivot 44 are controlled by cylinders 312 through cables 300. The hydraulic control system (not shown) provides independent control of each of the cylinders by the opening or closing of appropriate valves and the requirement for a constant pressure in the counterbalancing cylinders is met by an hydraulic accumulator (not shown) in which the fluid is contained in a reservoir with a movable top cover which supports a constant weight.</p> |
