| 摘要 |
The thermal conversion and/or catalytic plants, which can be found in the productive cycle of a refinery, are aimed at the utilization of the residues of the distillation of petroleum, otherwise destined for bitumen or combustible oil (products notoriously of low commercial value), so as to convert these products, in part, into lighter products of greater value. The conversion makes it possible to obtain considerable amounts of distilled products, such as gas, benzene, kerosene and diesel oil. The conversion process is carried out so as to maximize the yield of distilled products, thus lowering the overall yield of heavy residues. Adjustment of the operative parameters of the plants described above for the purpose of maximizing the yield of light products and managing the plants with controlled fouling conditions is carried out by means of methods for measuring aggregated asphaltenes and particles of carbon suspended in the bottom residue produced. The present invention proposes an improved procedure for determining the tendency of the bottom fluid to form fouling in determined plant conditions which definitively makes it possible to obtain better yields of light distillates, better control of the fouling occurring in the plant, and therefore a reduction of the associated energy consumption. In addition, the new procedure described in the patent makes it possible to determine on-line the tendency for fouling inasmuch as the analyzed sample does not require any handling. |
