| 摘要 |
Clay is activated by treating each 100 part portion of raw clay with 4 to 20 parts of an acid selected from mineral acids, polyhaloacetic, benzene or xylene sulphonic acids at from room temperature to 130 DEG C. in the presence of 100 to 500 parts of an inert organic liquid selected from hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, acids, esters, ketones, ethers, acetals and intro-compounds. A typical raw clay has the following analysis: SiO2 60 to 74%, Al2O3 12 to 22%, Fe2O3 1.5 to 3%, MgO 1 to 7% and CaO 0.25 to 3%. The product is characterized by a basal spacing of 12 to 13 at 10-8 cms. and a sharp shape of diffraction maximum as determined by X-ray diffraction with a Philips X-ray diffractometer employing nickel filtered copper X-radiation at 40 KV and 35 ma.ALSO:An acidic clay of the montinorillonite type characterized by a basal spacing at 10-8 cms of 12 to 13 and a sharp shape of diffraction maximum as determined by X-ray diffraction analysis with a Philips X-ray diffractometer employing nickel filtered copper X-radiation at 40 KV and 35 ma is prepared by treating 100 parts of raw clay with 4 to 20 parts of an acid selected from mineral acids, polyhaloacetic, benzene or xylene sulphonic acids at from room temperature to 130 DEG C. in the presence of 100 to 500 parts of an inert organic liquid. The latter is defined as a compound which does not react with the acid under activating conditions and selected from a wide range of organic compounds listed. |
