| 摘要 |
<p>The alkylation of organic compounds containing an active methylene or an active methine group in which the methylene or methine group is attached to two activating groups of the kind exemplified by cyano and carbonyl is effected by reaction of said organic compound w4th an allyl alcohol or an allyl ether. If an activating group is a carbonyl group it may be ketonic or aldehydic or form part of a carboxyl, ester or amide group. Other specified activating groups are the nitro group and, in certain cases, an aromatic ring. Preferred allyl alcohols are those of the general formula R1-CH = CH-CHR2-OH wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group and R2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group or R1 and R2 together with the -CH = CH(OH)-CH- radical form an alicyclic ring, and preferred ethers are those derived from said alcohols. The reaction, which is usually effected by heating the reactants, may be performed in the presence of a catalyst which can be an acid, including Lewis acids and acidic ion exchange resins, but is preferably an acid together with a salt of a metal that is capable of forming a complex compound with an olefin. The products of the allylation are compounds wherein a hydrogen atom of the active methylene or methine group has been replaced by an allyl group of the allyl alcohol or ether. In the only Example 3 allyl pentan-2-4-diol is prepared from acetyl acetone and diallylether in the presence of a sulphonated cross-linked polystyrene resin and cuprous chloride as catalyst.</p> |
