| 摘要 |
<p>A composition suitable for use in the treatment of textiles comprises an aqueous dispersion containing (a) a polyamide which is a co-condensate of 25-40% by weight of one or more lactams having 6-12 carbon atoms in the lactam ring or of equivalent omega-aminocarboxylic acids, 25-40% by weight of one or more salts of hexamethylene diamine with linear dicarboxylic acids having 6-12 carbon atoms, 25-40% by weight of one or more salts of 4,41-diamino-dicyclohexylmethane with linear dicarboxylic acids having 6-12 carbon atoms and 0-10% by weight of one or more other polyamide-forming substances and (b) a protective colloid which is a water-soluble copolymer having a K value of at least 90 and derived from 10-35% by weight of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid, 57.5-90% by weight of a mixture consisting of acrylamide and 5-40% by weight (on the whole of the monomers) of methacrylamide and 0-7.5% by weight of one or more other monomers. Suitable other polyamide-forming substances are dicarboxylic acids, omega-aminocarboxylic acids or diamines which are branched or contain a hetero atom in the chain, and C-substituted lactams. The other monomers in the protective colloid may be a -chloro-acrylic, phenylacrylic, crotonic, maleic, fumaric, itaconic, citraconic, mesaconic or vinylsulphonic acid or an anhydride, salt or ester thereof, methyl or ethyl acrylate or methacrylate, vinyl acetamide, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-methylacrylamide, N-ethylacrylamide or a vinyl lactam. Particularly preferred protective colloids contain 0.005-1% by weight of copolymerizable monomers containing N-methylol groups, e.g. derivatives of urea, melamine, dicyandiamide and guanidine containing N-methylol groups and groups with polymerizable olefinic double bonds and particularly N-methylolmethacrylamide and N-methylolacrylamide. The dispersion may contain 0.5-5% by weight of the protective colloid based on the weight of the polyamide. The dispersions may be prepared by mixing a solution of the polyamide in an organic solvent, e.g. ethanol, isopropanol, butanol or a mixture thereof, with water which contains the protective colloid and, if desired, distilling off all or part of the solvent. The dispersion may also contain polyolefines, polyacrylates, water repellents, dyes, pigments, thickening agents, organic solvents and reaction products, which may be etherified with alcohols containing up to four carbon atoms, of formaldehyde with urea, melamine, ethyleneurea, trimethyleneurea, 4,5-dihydroxy imidazolidone-(2), triazone (2) and its 5-alkyl and 5-hydroxy-alkyl derivatives having up to four carbon atoms in the alkyl or hydroxyl alkyl radical, 5-hydroxytrimethyleneurea or urones. In one example, the dispersion also includes an acrylonitrile-methyl acrylate (50/50) copolymer which has been incompletely hydrolysed with ammonia.ALSO:Fabrics e.g. of cotton, are coated with an aqueous dispersion containing (a) a polyamide which is a cocondensate of 25-40% by weight of one or more lactams having 6-12 carbon atoms in the lactam ring or of equivalent omega-aminocarboxylic acids, 25-40% by weight of one or more salts of hexamethylene diamine with linear dicarboxylic acids having 6-12 carbon atoms, 25-40% by weight of one or more salts of 4, 41-diaminodicyclohexylmethane with linear dicarboxylic acids having 6-12 carbon atoms and 0-10% by weight of one or more other polyamide-forming substances and (b) a protective colloid which is a water-soluble copolymer having a K value of at least 90 and derived from 10-35% by weight of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid, 57.5-90% by weight of a mixture consisting of acrylamide and 5-40% by weight (on the whole of the monomers) of methacrylamide and 0-7.5% by weight of one or more other monomers, and then dried and heated to at least 100 DEG C. Suitable other polyamide-forming substances are dicarboxylic acids, omega-aminocarboxylic acids or diamines which are branched or contain a hetero atom in the chain, and C-substituted lactams. The other monomers in the protective colloid may be a -chloro-acrylic, phenylacrylic, crotonic, maleic, fumaric, itaconic, citraconic, mesaconic or vinylsulphonic acid or an anhydride, salt or ester thereof, methyl or ethyl acrylate or methacrylate, vinyl acetamide, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-methyl acrylamide, N-ethyl-acrylamide or a vinyl lactam. Particularly preferred protective colloids contain 0.005-1% by weight of copolymerizable monomers containing N-methylol groups, e.g. derivatives of urea, melamine dicyandiamide and guanidine containing N-methylol groups, and groups with polymerizable olefinic double bonds and particularly N-methylolmethacrylamide and N-methylolacrylamide. The dispersion may contain 0.5-5% by weight of the protective colloid based on the weight of the polyamide. The dispersions may be prepared by mixing a solution of the polyamide in an organic solvent, e.g. ethanol, isopropanol, butanol or a mixture thereof, with water which contains the protective colloid and if desired distilling off all or part of the solvent. The dispersion may also contain polyolefines, poly-acrylates, water repellents, dyes, pigments, thickening agents, organic solvents and reaction products, which may be etherified with alcohols containing up to four carbon atoms, of formaldehyde with urea, melamine, ethyleneurea, trimethyleneurea, 4, 5-dihydroxy imidazolidone-(2), triazone (2) and its 5-alkyl and 5-hydroxyalkyl derivatives having up to four carbon atoms in the alkyl or hydroxyl alkyl radical, 5-hydroxytrimethyl-eneurea or uranes.ALSO:Textile material, e.g. cotton fabric, is finished and non-woven fabrics bonded by treating them with an aqueous dispersion containing (a) a polyamide which is a cocondencate of 25-40% by weight of one or more lactams having 6-12 carbon atoms in the lactam ring or of equivalent omega-aminocarboxylic acids, 25-40% by weight of one or more salts of hexamethylene diamine with linear dicarboxylic acids having 6-12 carbon atoms, 25-40% by weight of one or more salts of 4, 41-diaminodicyclohexylmethane with linear dicarboxylic acids having 6-12 carbon atoms and 0-10% by weight of one or more other polyamide-forming substances and (b) a protective colloid which is a water-soluble copolymer having a K value of at least 90 and derived from 10-35% by weight of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid, 57.5-90% by weight of a mixture consisting of acrylamide and 5-40% by weight (on the whole of the monomers) of methacrylamide and 0-7.5% by weight of one or more other monomers, and then drying and heating the treated material to at least 100 DEG C. Suitable other polyamide-forming substances are dicarboxylic acids, omega-aminocarboxylic acids or diamines which are branched or contain a hetero atom in the chain, and C-substituted lactams. The other monomers in the protective colloid may be a -chloro-acrylic, phenylacrylic, crotonic, maleic, fumaric, itaconic, citraconic, mesaconic or vinylsulphonic acid or an anhydride, salt or ester thereof, methyl or ethyl acrylate or methacrylate, vinyl acetamide, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-methyl acrylamide, N-ethylacrylamide or a vinyl lactam. Particularly preferred protective colloids contain 0.005-1% by weight of copolymerizable monomers containing N-methylol groups, e.g. derivatives of urea, melamine, dicyandiamide and guanidine containing N-methylol groups, and groups with polymerizable olefinic double bonds and particularly N-methylolmethacrylamide p and N-methylolacrylamide. The dispersion may contain 0.5-5% by weight of the protective colloid based on the weight of the polyamide. The dispersions may be prepared by mixing a solution of the polyamide in an organic solvent, e.g. ethanol, isopropanol, butanol or a mixture thereof, with water which contains the protective colloid and if desired distilling off all or part of the solvent. The dispersion may also contain polyolefines, poly-acrylates, water repellents, dyes, pigments, thickening agents, organic solvents and reaction products, which may be etherified with alcohols containing up to four carbon atoms, of formaldehyde with urea, melamine, ethyleneurea, trimethyleneurea, 4, 5-dihydroxy imidazolidone-(2), triazone-(2) and its 5-alkyl and 5-hydroxyalkyl derivatives having up to four carbon atoms in the alkyl or hydroxyl alkyl radical, 5-hydroxytrimethyleneurea or uronea.</p> |
