| 摘要 |
Mixtures of surface active sulpho compounds are obtained by sulphonation of olefines containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms and having the formula R1-CH=CH-R2 wherein R1 represents a straight or branched chain alkyl or cycloalkyl residue and R2 represents R1 or H, with a mixture of SO3 and inert gases, 1 to 1.7 mols of SO3 being used per mol of olefine, the sulphonation mixture containing unsaturated sulphonic acids, sultones and other sulphonic acid esters being neutralized with bases and reacting with substances having active hydrogen atoms, other than water, or with tertiary bases, which are able to react with sultones. The products are believed to have one of the formulae <FORM:1064169/C2/1> wherein R11 represents a straight or branched chain aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical, R12 represents H or R11, R3 represents H or a straight or branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, n is 0 to 3, Me is Na, K, ammonium, alkyl-, cycloalkyl-, or aryl-ammonium, dialkyl-, dicycloalkyl-, diaryl-ammonium, X is a halogen, -CNS, -SH, NaS2O3-, alcoholate, carboxylic acid, alkyl-, cycloalkyl-, or aryl-amine, dialkyl-, dicycloalkyl-, diaryl-amine, or thioether group, Y is a tertiary-alkylamine, -cycloalkylamine or -N- arylamine and wherein R11 + R12 + R3 + (CH2)n contain together 6 to 20 carbon atoms. Specified substances having active hydrogen atoms are alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids, primary or secondary amines, tertiary bases and compounds containing SH groups, also, salts of simple inorganic acids. Compounds such as thiourea and its N-substituted derivatives and sulphonamides may be reacted with sultones without the simultaneous presence of acidbinding agents being necessary or without the substances concerned being present in the form of salts. The sultones are preferably reacted with compounds which are able to react quickly therewith, such as amines, especially tertiary amines including heterocyclic bases, alcoholates, phenolates and compounds containing -SH groups. The crude sulphonation product may be reacted directly with sultone reagents but the sulphonation product may be neutralized prior to or simultaneously with the treatment with sultone reagents. Suitable bases are alkali metal hydroxides or carbonates, ammonia and amines in the form of aqueous solutions or in organic solvents. Organic solvents such as aliphatic alcohols or ketones may be present. After the reaction with the sultone reagent the mixture may be bleached. The bleaching is advantageously carried out in a neutral to weakly alkaline medium or in a two-stage process. The products may have foam-stabilizing action, corrosion-preventing action, disinfectant or bacteriostatic activity. The products of some of the examples contain sulphobetaines, alkene sulphonates, hydroxyalkane - sulphonates and ethoxyalkanesulphonates. |
