| 摘要 |
<PICT:0623388/III/1> The plates of a multiple-plate distillation and rectification column comprise fixed annular parts c with a wide central orifice a bounded by strips b to limit the height of the liquid on the plates and by the cylindrical sheets e, and movable discs h attached to a central vertical shaft i which bear on their lower faces devices g, as for example one or more layers of netting, having a large surface. The shaft is given a reciprocating motion and, if desired, a rotary movement and thus the devices alternately dip into the layer of liquid on the fixed plates below so impeding the passage of the ascending vapours, and then rise to allow the vapours to pass over the wetted devices. The plates are surrounded by a lagged cylinder f and may be spaced therefrom by packing d. The discs h may be furnished with flat tubes, as stiffeners, through which part of the liquid may flow and escape the vapours or, for the same purpose the central orifice of the fixed plates c may be other than circular. Each of the plates c is provided with a siphon tube for cleaning purposes after distillation. The column of plates may be of very small height, and in an example of its operation a mixture of benzene and toluene was rectified in a column with a height of 150 cms. and containing 50 plates. The column may be employed in vacuum distillation and in continuous or discontinuous working and may be used for washing industrial gases. |
