| 摘要 |
Approaches to the construction of indexes are addressed wherein a portfolio of securities such as stocks, bonds, or the like and their associated investment weights or shares is generated. Indexes can be used as investment tools in various ways. For instance, indexes comprising a plurality of securities can often be bought and sold more cheaply than buying and selling the individual constituents of the index. This pricing differential allows investment with reduced transaction costs. Alternatively, in passive and enhanced indexing, investments are made with reference to an index. Performance statistics such as return and risk are reported with respect to the reference index. Factor indexes can serve as active manager benchmarks or the underlyers for investable products such as exchange traded funds and mutual funds. Computer based systems, methods and software are addressed for constructing indexes that replicate the returns of a quantitative factor such as medium term momentum or value. Further, processes and methodology are described by which the index can have the best possible replication of the underlying factor returns as well as other desirable characteristics. The methodology provides an approach to determine the index even when all desirable characteristics of the index are not simultaneously achievable. |
