| 摘要 |
The invention relates to the production of articles from composite materials with a metallic matrix and a carbide-metallic matrix as well as from cermets. The method for manufacturing articles from composite materials comprises manufacturing a semifinished product from a porous, heat-resistant material and bulk-metallizing said semifinished product by arranging the semifinished product and crucibles with metal in a closed volume of a retort, heating, keeping said semifinished product in a vacuum and cooling in metal vapours. At the stage of heating and/or isothermal action and/or cooling, the crucibles with metal are heated to a higher temperature than the temperature of the semifinished product, wherein the semifinished product is kept in a vacuum at a temperature which does not exceed the temperature of re-evaporation of the metal from the material pores. The device for bulk-metallizing comprises heaters which are arranged around an external retort, an internal retort with a closed volume with the articles to be metallized and the crucibles with metal arranged in said retort, a continuous-flow reactor, heat insulation consisting of porous carbon-graphite materials and a pneumatic/gas/vacuum system, and in which the external retort and the internal retort are formed from a plurality of parts of different heights and are arranged coaxially to one another with a gap, and the external retort is equipped with pipes for connecting the gap between the retorts to the pneumatic/gas/vacuum system. The device additionally comprises a bottom heater or the heaters arranged around the external retort have, in the lower part, a higher-temperature zone which is arranged opposite the lower parts of the external and internal retorts, and the crucibles are consolidated in the lower part of the internal retort. The technical result consists in increasing the degree and uniformity of metallization. |
