| 摘要 |
<p>The disclosed compositions and methods provide a system that is effective for hydraulic fracturing, which can be used to extract natural gas and oil from subterranean formations, such as deep shale and coal bed type rack formations. In a first aspect, the invention features a composition for hydraulic fracturing, which includes a low pH product, a surfactant, and a thickening agent, all in an aqueous composition. The composition includes i) from about 0.01 wt% to about 20.0 wt% of a low pH product that includes an ammonium salt (e.g., ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, or ammonium hydroxide) and hydrogen chloride (and optionally a carborane).</p> |
