Improvements in or relating to a process for the distillation of alcohol

摘要

In the production of monohydric alcohols by hydrolysis of the liquor resulting from the absorption of the corresponding olefines in concentrated sulphuric acid, an acid absorption liquor is used in which the weight ratio of total acid to water is at least 2 to 3 working on an alcohol-free basis. The ratios specified for particular alcohols are: ethyl alcohol about 3,5 to 1, isopropyl alcohol at least 3 to 2, secondary butyl and secondary amyl alcohols at least 1 to 1 and tertiary butyl and tertiary amyl alcohol at least 2 to 3. In the batch method of working, the distillation is preferably below atmospheric, such as 0,1 atmosphere absolute; in continuous working, atmospheric pressure may also be used. An acid absorption liquor from a storage tank A, diluted with water from a pipe line 2 to give a liquor of the specified strength is supplied to the mid part of a column B. The liquor contacts with water-alcohol reflux from the upper part of the column and with uprising steam from the base of the column and supplied thereto from a heater C. Hot acid liquor is removed at the base of the column and the concentrated alcohol vapours flow from the top of the column to a reflux condenser F from which they return to the top of the column for withdrawal at an upper plate 9. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 17159/98, [Class 2], 161,591, [Class 2 (iii)], 403,654, 427,223, 428,792, and U.S.A. Specifications 1,919,618, 1,949,211, 2,004,084, and 2,006,157.ALSO: The acid absorption liquor obtained after hydrolysis in the preparation of alcohols from olefines and concentrated acid and in which the weight ratio of total acid to water is at least 2 to 3 working on an alcohol-free basis, is continuously introduced into the mid part of a column B. The liquor contacts with water-alcohol reflux from the upper part of the column and with uprising steam from the base of the column and supplied thereto from a heater C. Hot acid liquor is removed at the base of the column and the concentrated alcohol vapours flow from the top of the column to a reflux condenser F from which they return to the top of the column for withdrawal at an upper plate 9. In the batch method of working, the distillation is preferably below atmospheric, such as 0,1 atmosphere absolute; in continuous working, atmospheric pressure may also be used. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to British Specifications 17159/98, [Class 2], 161,591, [Class 2 (iii)], 403,654; 427,223, 428,792, [both in Group IV], and U.S.A. Specifications 1,919,618, 1,949,211, 2,004,084, and 2,006,157.