| 摘要 |
Fabrics or other textile materials consisting wholly or partly of wool or other animal fibre are treated with an aqueous solution of a permanganate and with either a dilute aqueous solution or suspension of a nitrogen-chloro compound or of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hypochlorite or hypobromite, in order to reduce their tendency to shrink. The materials may be treated with the permanganate and hypochlorite or hypobromite, together or in either order. The process is applicable to wool materials containing cellulosic fibres such as cotton or rayon. The term nitrogen-chloro compound includes those compounds in which the chlorine atom is directly attached to the nitrogen atom. Specified compounds are nitrogen trichloride, monochloramine, p-toluene sulphonchloramide and sodium-o-dichlorobenzene sulphonchloramide. Metallic salts such as magnesium sulphate, calcium chloride, calcium acetate, barium chloride, barium acetate and/or zinc sulphate may be added to the hypobromite or hypochlorite solution. The pH values of the solutions are preferably adjusted to 5 to 6 for the permanganate solutions, 1 to 2 for the nitrogen-chloro compound solution and 8 to 10 for the hypohalide solution. To the permanganate solution may be added salts such as magnesium sulphate, calcium chloride, barium chloride and zinc sulphate, alone or in admixture, and discolouration due to permanganate is removed from the materials by bisulphite or sulphurous acid. In the examples: (1) wool is treated at 40 DEG C. with an aqueous acidified solution of potassium permanganate. The material is rinsed and treated in a solution of monochloramine. Finally, the wool is bleached with a solution of sodium bisulphite. (2) Botany yarn is treated with an acidified solution of potassium permanganate, rinsed, freed from acid by sodium sesquicarbonate and treated in a cold aqueous solution containing sodium hypochlorite and calcium chloride. Antichlor treatment with acidified bisulphite is applied. (3) Wool is treated in a bath containing potassium permanganate, sodium hypochlorite, calcium chloride, zinc sulphate and sulphonated fatty alcohol. (5) Botany yarn is treated in a bath containing sodium hypochlorite, calcium chloride and sulphonated fatty alcohol. A dilute solution of potassium permanganate is then added, with subsequent addition of acidified bisulphite solution to remove the discolouration. (7) Botany yarn is treated with an acidified solution of permanganate, and then with an acidified solution of sodium-p-toluene sulphonchloramide. Discolouration is removed by the addition of bisulphite. The treatment of the invention facilitates subsequent dyeing operations. |
