摘要 |
A heating element (10) is provided with a conductive path pattern (12) which can be printed in a mask-free manner (e.g., drop-on-demand) with existing printing technology. The printing step can be performed, for example, with a thermal inkjet printer, a piezoelectric inkjet printer, an aerosol jet printer, or an ultrasound printer. The ink solution can formulated so that it establishes an electrically conductive path which is free of polymer binders. |