| 摘要 |
Apparatus and methods for electronic circuit protection are disclosed. In one embodiment, an apparatus comprises a substrate includes an n-well and a p-well adjacent the n-well. An n-type active area and a p-type active area are disposed in the n-well. The p-type active area, the n-well, and the p-well are configured to operate as an emitter, a base, and a collector of an PNP bipolar transistor, respectively, and the p-type active area surrounds at least a portion of the n-type active area so as to aid in recombining carriers injected into the n-well from the p-well before the carriers reach the n-type active area. The n-well and the p-well are configured to operate as a breakdown diode, and a punch-through breakdown voltage between the n-well and the p-well is lower than or equal to about a breakdown voltage between the p-type active area and the n-well.
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