| 摘要 |
<p>Secondary aliphatic amines of the formula: RR1NH, in which R and R1 are C12-24 alkyl or C12-24 alkenyl groups such that R has a tertiary carbon atom attached directly to the nitrogen atoms and R1 has at least one tertiary carbon atom no one of which is closer than gamma to the nitrogen atom, R being alkyl when R1 is alkyl and R being alkenyl when R1 is alkenyl, are employed as ashless detergents in lubricating oils, and, in amounts by weight ranging from 0,0005 to 0,05%, are added as anti-sludging agents in fuel oils, burner oils, diesel fuel oils and other cracked and straight-run distillates normally tending to sludge.ALSO:The invention comprises secondary aliphatic amines of the formula RR1NH in which R and R1 are C12-24 alkyl or C12-24 alkenyl groups such that R has a tertiary carbon atom attached directly to the nitrogen atom and R1 has at least one tertiary carbon atom no one of which is closer than gamma to the nitrogen atom, R being alkyl when R1 is alkyl and R being alkenyl when R1 is alkenyl. The compounds are prepared by reacting a suitable R-Amine with a suitable chloride or bromide at a temperature of between 75 DEG C. and 200 DEG C. and in the presence of a hydrogen halide acceptor. The above amines may be used for separating niobium from tantalum or protoactinium, zinc from cobalt, uranium from its salts, mineral acids (e.g. HCl. and H2SO4) from protein hydrolysates and hydrochloric and nitric acids from aqueous systems. Subsequent regeneration of the amines may be effected with sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or ammonium hydroxide.</p> |
